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medieval worlds • no. 21 • 2024
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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
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DATUM, UNTERSCHRIFT / DATE, SIGNATURE
BANK AUSTRIA CREDITANSTALT, WIEN (IBAN AT04 1100 0006 2280 0100, BIC BKAUATWW), DEUTSCHE BANK MÜNCHEN (IBAN DE16 7007 0024 0238 8270 00, BIC DEUTDEDBMUC)
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medieval worlds • no. 21 • 2024, pp. 9-31, 2024/11/28
This paper delves into the complex legacy of the Han dynasty’s collapse and its impact on subsequent Chinese historiography, particularly through the legitimacy or »zhengtong« debate. Examining how the Han’s cultural and political glory influenced historical narratives of later periods, the author compares the Han’s legacy with that of the Roman Empire in Europe, highlighting a similar quest for legitimacy by successor regimes. Central to his analysis is the role of Confucian thought, which shaped historians’ interpretations of power, culture, and ethics in post-Han China. Through key Confucian concepts like Dao and moral orthodoxy, scholars developed frameworks to evaluate whether successive rulers aligned with the ideals supposedly demonstrated by Han’s rule. The author further explores how these debates evolved, particularly during the Song dynasty, when historians expanded the legitimacy discourse to incorporate metaphysical elements of Dao and/or li (principle). This research contributes to understanding how historical thought in China shifted from viewing legitimacy through a Confucian moral lens to a nuanced, philosophical discourse that balanced historical reality with transcendental ethics.
Keywords: Chinese historiography, legitimacy (zhengtong) debates, Neo-Confucianism, metaphysical discourses, Ouyang Xiu, Sima Guang, Zhu Xi