• Walter POHL – Nina MIRNIG (Eds.) – Nadine LÖHR (Guest Eds.)

medieval worlds • no. 22 • 2025

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Exceptionally, volume 22 focuses on one topic only: the manuscript corpus from the period of Ilkhanid rule in Baghdad (13th and 14th century CE). Entitled The Mongols’ Baghdad: Knowledge Transmission through Manuscript Cultures before and after the Conquest, guest editors Bruno De Nicola and Nadine Löhr aim to challenge with this volume the well-established narrative of Baghdad’s cultural decline after the Mongol conquest of Baghdad in 1258 CE. They consider the corpus a valuable resource for reconstructing intellectual and cultural trends from a multidisciplinary perspective. Accordingly, focusing on legal, medical, astronomical, literary or theological texts, the case studies offer insights into a great variety of topics: the change in linguistic and literary interest of the ruling elites (B. De Nicola), the processes of editing, disseminating and canonisation (S. Kamola, T. Mimura), the resilience of theological networks (S. Brinkmann) and the continuity of legal scholarship (K. Ivanyi). The rich layers of marginal notes in two specific manuscripts are utilized by G. Gharib and N. Löhr: the one to trace the extent of manuscript destruction and continuity, the other to map the scholarly environment in which scientific traditions were maintained. From historical sources and surviving medieval buildings A. Petersen reconstructs which urban infrastructure may have persisted after Mongol conquest.

"medieval worlds" provides a forum for comparative, interdisciplinary and transcultural studies of the Middle Ages. Its aim is to overcome disciplinary boundaries, regional limits and national research traditions in Medieval Studies, to open up new spaces for discussion, and to help developing global perspectives. We focus on the period from c. 400 to 1500 CE but do not stick to rigid periodization.
medieval worlds is open to submissions of broadly comparative studies and matters of global interest, whether in single articles, companion papers, smaller clusters, or special issues on a subject of global/comparative history. We particularly invite studies of wide-ranging connectivity or comparison between different world regions.

Apart from research articles, medieval worlds publishes ongoing debates and project and conference reports on comparative medieval research.

Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
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medieval worlds • no. 22 • 2025

ISSN 2412-3196
Online Edition

ISBN 978-3-7001-9754-6
Online Edition



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Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
A-1011 Wien, Dr. Ignaz Seipel-Platz 2,
Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3420, Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400
https://verlag.oeaw.ac.at, e-mail: bestellung.verlag@oeaw.ac.at
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The Buildings of Medieval Baghdad and the Impact of the Mongol Conquest in 1258

    Andrew Petersen

medieval worlds • no. 22 • 2025, pp. 204-226, 2025/06/27

doi: 10.1553/medievalworlds_no22_2025s204


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doi:10.1553/medievalworlds_no22_2025s204

Abstract

While the historical accounts of the immediate aftermath of the sacking of Baghdad in 1258 CE indicate that some buildings survived or were restored, the overwhelming impression is of a city in ruins. Recently, however, the cataclysmic interpretation of the Mongol conquest has been questioned both in terms of the physical destruction and its effects on cultural life. This prompts questions of how the urban infrastructure was restored and to what extent the city was remodelled to reflect the new political and religious reality. Although the exact extent of the destruction is not clear, modern authors agree that the sacking of Baghdad reduced its status from that of a metropolitan capital to a provincial city. There is, however, some evidence that the city continued to be of considerable cultural importance; for example, many of the library collections survived the conquest. However, within the new political structure, the city was separated from its Arabic cultural network and instead incorporated within a predominantly Persian environment. This paper will assess if and how this transition is reflected in the built environment. In the absence of direct archaeological evidence, this paper uses alternative sources such as historical records and surviving medieval buildings to reconstruct evidence for the destruction but also the preservation of architectural structures, such as the caliph’s palace.

Keywords: sacking of Baghdad 1258 CE, archaeology, architectural evidence, urban infrastructure