• Walter POHL – Nina MIRNIG (Eds.) – Reinier LANGELAAR (Guest Ed.)

medieval worlds • no. 24 • 2026

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Stories are at the core of our summer 2026 volume. The thematic cluster, which gives this volume its title and cover illustration, presents origin narratives from 8th-century Japan all the way to early medieval Europe (guest editor: Reinier Langelaar). Its introductory article provides methodological approaches that allow these myths to be read as valuable evidence of historical identity formation. The ensuing seven case studies illustrate the variations and narrative strategies found in early medieval origin stories across Eurasia. Their recurring themes are outlined in the concluding comparative article, which also reflects on the narrative change of these tales. In the individual article section Christian Gastgeber opens the discussion of practical texts such as prognostics and handy tables for daily use, which circulated widely in the early Middle Ages and were regularly translated. Giving an overview of extant Greek and Latin material, he also provides text editions and translations. Using the example of the Sinbad/Seven Sages of Rome tradition, Emilie van Opstall develops a new tool for literary comparison to examine shared narratives in different cultural and linguistic contexts. Drawing on the metaphor of a kaleidoscope, her comparison of Greek, Hebrew, Arabic and Latin versions yields new insights into the similarities and differences between the societies that shaped these narratives.

medieval worlds is open to submissions of broadly comparative studies and matters of global interest, whether in single articles, companion papers, smaller clusters, or special issues on a subject of global/comparative history. We particularly invite studies of wide-ranging connectivity or comparison between different world regions.

Apart from research articles, medieval worlds publishes ongoing debates and project and conference reports on comparative medieval research.

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medieval worlds • no. 24 • 2026

ISSN 2412-3196
Online Edition

ISBN 978-3-7001-5407-5
Online Edition



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Austrian Academy of Sciences Press
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Translations from Greek into Latin in the Middle Ages. Some Minor Texts and Diagrams

    Christian Gastgeber

medieval worlds • no. 24 • 2026, pp. 25-85, 2026/07/01

doi: 10.1553/medievalworlds_no24_2026s25


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doi:10.1553/medievalworlds_no24_2026s25


Abstract

This article focuses on some anonymous translations of non-literary Greek texts into Latin. The texts and diagrams discussed here relate to astronomy and magic. Some of these texts were widely used in both the Western Latin and the Eastern Byzantine cultures, and their broad dissemination documents the considerable interest in such handy tables or prognostics about future events. A small selection is presented here alongside their Greek counterparts, opening a discussion on the translation of minor »practical texts« in the Middle Ages and moving beyond the frequently addressed classical and patristic authors that were translated into Latin. While some of the Greek models can be traced back to late antiquity, it seems that the Latin versions are not based on ancient strands that may have survived from that period, but rather represent a new and initial access to the texts in the (early) Middle Ages. An interesting source that still illustrates the impact of the respective Greek models is the computus companion created by the 10th-century scholar Abbo of Fleury. Another example is a short treatise on the magical-prognostic use of the Psalms, which is published here for the first time and likely to be attributed to Pascalis Romanus, who translated similar texts in Constantinople in the 1160s.

Keywords: Latin translations from Greek, Byzantine technical texts, astronomy, computus, prognostics, Petosiris, Psalms, Maximus the Confessor, Abbo of Fleury, Pascalis Romanus